Table 1-1.  Electron binding energies, in electron volts, for the elements H to Ti in their natural forms.

Element

K 1s

L1 2s

L2 2p1/2

L3 2p3/2

M1 3s

M2 3p1/2

M3 3p3/2

  1  H

13.6

            

  2  He

24.6*

            

  3  Li

54.7*

            

  4  Be

111.5*

            

  5  B

188*

            

  6  C

284.2*

            

  7  N

409.9*

37.3*

          

  8  O

543.1*

41.6*

          

  9  F

696.7*

            

10  Ne

870.2*

48.5*

21.7*

21.6*

      

11  Na

1070.8†

63.5†

30.65

30.81

      

12  Mg

1303.0†

88.7

49.78

49.50

      

13  Al

1559.6

117.8

72.95

72.55

      

14  Si

1839

149.7*b

99.82

99.42

      

15  P

2145.5

189*

136*

135*

      

16  S

2472

230.9

163.6*

162.5*

      

17  Cl

2822.4

270*

202*

200*

      

18  Ar

3205.9*

326.3*

250.6†

248.4*

29.3*

15.9*

15.7*

19  K

3608.4*

378.6*

297.3*

294.6*

34.8*

18.3*

18.3*

20  Ca

4038.5*

438.4†

349.7†

346.2†

44.3 †

25.4†

25.4†

21  Sc

4492

498.0*

403.6*

398.7*

51.1*

28.3*

28.3*

22  Ti

4966

560.9†

460.2†

453.8†

58.7†

32.6†

32.6†

Table 1-1.  Electron binding energies, in electron volts, for the elements V to Ag in their natural forms.

Element

K 1s

L1 2s

L2 2p1/2

L3 2p3/2

M1 3s

M2 3p1/2

M3 3p3/2

M4 3d3/2

M5 3d5/2

N1 4s

N2 4p1/2

N3 4p3/2

23  V

5465

626.7†

 519.8†

512.1†

66.3†

37.2†

37.2†

          

24  Cr

5989

696.0†

 583.8†

574.1†

74.1†

42.2†

42.2†

          

25  Mn

6539

769.1†

 649.9†

638.7†

82.3†

47.2†

47.2†

          

26  Fe

7112

844.6†

 719.9†

706.8†

91.3†

52.7†

52.7†

          

27  Co

7709

925.1†

 793.2†

778.1†

101.0†

58.9†

59.9†

          

28  Ni

8333

1008.6†

 870.0†

852.7†

110.8†

68.0†

66.2†

          

29  Cu

8979

1096.7†

 952.3†

932.7

122.5†

77.3†

75.1†

          

30  Zn

9659

1196.2*

1044.9*

1021.8*

139.8*

91.4*

88.6*

10.2*

10.1*

      

31  Ga

10367

1299.0*b

1143.2†

1116.4†

159.5†

103.5†

100.0†

18.7†

18.7†

      

32  Ge

11103

1414.6*b

1248.1*b

1217.0*b

180.1*

124.9*

120.8*

29.8

29.2

      

33  As

11867

1527.0*b

1359.1*b

1323.6*b

204.7*

146.2*

141.2*

41.7*

41.7*

      

34  Se

12658

1652.0*b

1474.3*b

1433.9*b

229.6*

166.5*

160.7*

55.5*

54.6*

      

35  Br

13474

1782*

1596*

1550*

257*

189*

182*

70*

69*

      

36  Kr

14326

1921

1730.9*

1678.4*

292.8*

222.2*

214.4

95.0*

93.8*

27.5*

14.1*

14.1*

37  Rb

15200

2065

1864

1804

326.7*

248.7*

239.1*

113.0*

112*

30.5*

16.3*

15.3 *

38  Sr

16105

2216

2007

1940

358.7†

280.3†

270.0†

136.0†

134.2†

38.9†

21.3

20.1†

39  Y

17038

2373

2156

2080

392.0*b

310.6*

298.8*

157.7†

155.8†

43.8*

24.4*

23.1*

40  Zr

17998

2532

2307

2223

430.3†

343.5†

329.8†

181.1†

178.8†

50.6†

28.5†

27.1†

41  Nb

18986

2698

2465

2371

466.6†

376.1†

360.6†

205.0†

202.3†

56.4†

32.6†

30.8†

42  Mo

20000

2866

2625

2520

506.3†

411.6†

394.0†

231.1†

227.9†

63.2†

37.6†

35.5†

43  Tc

21044

3043

2793

2677

544*

447.6

417.7

257.6

253.9*

69.5*

42.3*

39.9*

44  Ru

22117

3224

2967

2838

586.1*

483.5†

461.4†

284.2†

280.0†

75.0†

46.3†

43.2†

45  Rh

23220

3412

3146

3004

628.1†

521.3†

496.5†

311.9†

307.2†

81.4*b

50.5†

47.3†

46  Pd

24350

3604

3330

3173

671.6†

559.9†

532.3†

340.5†

335.2†

87.1*b

55.7†a

50.9†

47  Ag

25514

3806

3524

3351

719.0†

603.8†

573.0†

374.0†

368.3

97.0†

63.7†

58.3†